• vt. 襯托；阻止，擋開(kāi)；挫敗；貼箔于
• n. 箔，金屬薄片；襯托，烘托；葉形片
• abbr. 面向文件的翻譯語(yǔ)言（file-Oriented interpretive language）
• n. (Foil)人名；(英)福伊爾

來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)folia, 葉子，詞源同foliage. 用來(lái)指箔紙。

來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)fullo, 踩，特指洗衣，浣紗，詞源同defile, full(漂洗衣物)。引申詞義挫敗。

foil

foil: English has three separate words foil. The oldest, ‘thwart’ [13], originally meant ‘trample’. It probably comes via Anglo-Norman *fuler from Vulgar Latin *fullāre, a derivative of Latin fullō ‘person who cleans and bulks out cloth, originally by treading’ (whence English fuller [OE]). Foil ‘metallic paper’ [14] comes via Old French from Latin folium ‘leaf’ (source also of English foliage [15] and folio [16]).

It originally meant ‘leaf’ in English too, but that usage died out in the 15th century. The modern notion of ‘one that enhances another by contrast’ comes from the practice of backing a gem with metal foil to increase its brilliancy, (Latin folium, incidentally, goes back to an Indo-European *bhel-, an extended form of which, *bhlō-, produced English blade, bloom, blossom, and flower.) The source of foil ‘sword’ [16] is not known, although the semantic development of blade from ‘leaf’ to ‘cutting part’ suggests the possibility that a similar process took place in the case of foil ‘leaf’.
=> fuller; blade, bloom, blossom, flower, foliage

foil (v.1)

c. 1300, foilen "to spoil a trace or scent by running over it" (more commonly defoilen), irregularly from Old French foler, fuler "trample on, injure, maim; ill-treat, deceive, get the better of" (13c., Modern French fouler), from Vulgar Latin *fullare "to clean cloth" (by treading on it), from Latin fullo "one who cleans cloth, a fuller," which is of unknown origin. Compare full (v.).

Hence, "to overthrow, defeat" (1540s; as a noun in this sense from late 15c.); "frustrate the efforts of" (1560s). Related: Foiled; foiling. Foiled again! as a cry of defeat and dismay is from at least 1847.

foil (n.)

"very thin sheet of metal," early 14c., foile, from Old French foil, fueill, fueille "leaf; foliage; sheet of paper; sheet of metal" (12c., Modern French fueille), from Latin folia, plural (mistaken for fem. singular) of folium "leaf" (see folio).

The sense of "one who enhances another by contrast" (1580s) is from the practice of backing a gem with metal foil to make it shine more brilliantly. The meaning "light sword used in fencing" (1590s) could be from this sense, or from foil (v.). The sense of "metallic food wrap" is from 1897.

foil (v.2)

"apply foil to," 1610s, from foil (n.1).

1. He thought of her serenity as a foil for his intemperance.

在他看來(lái)，她的平靜反襯出了他的放縱。

來(lái)自柯林斯例句

2. Wrap the foil over the fish.

用箔紙把魚包起來(lái)。

來(lái)自柯林斯例句

3. Cover the chicken loosely with foil.

用錫箔把雞肉松松地蓋起來(lái)。

來(lái)自《權(quán)威詞典》

4. The chocolates are individually wrapped in gold foil.

巧克力用金箔紙一顆顆獨(dú)立包裝。

來(lái)自《權(quán)威詞典》

5. An ugly woman serves as a foil to a pretty girl.

一個(gè)丑女人可以將美麗的姑娘反襯得更加漂亮.

來(lái)自《現(xiàn)代漢英綜合大詞典》